The secret to developing comfortable and successful English communication involves mastering the language's twelve tenses. Tenses, a type of verb, are a collection of principles that assist us in creating English sentences for various periods. You may create powerful sentences and have fruitful interactions with other students if you combine your understanding of tense laws with an extensive vocabulary.

The foundation of all languages is tenses, which enable us to express the timing of an incident or action. Because they specify the historical setting of a statement, English tenses are essential for communicating clearly. To guarantee a thorough grasp of this crucial grammatical subject, this blog will examine the many tenses and their subdivisions and offer examples.

What is tense?

The tense of a sentence indicates the action, circumstance, or event. It responds to whether an event occurs in the past, present, or future. There are 12 English tenses, each of these primary tenses further broken down into four subtypes.

Types of tenses in English grammar-

There are three primary types of tensions, which are listed below.

• The present tense
• The past tense
• Future tense

The twelve tenses in English grammar are obtained by further dividing the aforementioned grammar tenses into four components each, which are used to characterize the level of completion of an action or circumstance. Thus, there are four tenses: present, past, and future. 

12 Tenses in English
Types of Tenses	Present Tense	Past Tense	Future Tense
Indefinite/Simple	Present Indefinite Tense	Past Indefinite Tense	Future Indefinite Tense
Continuous	Present Continuous Tense	Past Continuous Tense	Future Continuous Tense
Perfect	Present Perfect Tense	Past Perfect Tense	Future Perfect Tense
Perfect Continuous	Present Perfect Continuous Tense	Past Perfect Continuous Tense	Future Perfect Continuous Tense

 

What is Present Tense? 

The job or habit that is currently taking place is described in the present tense, and four distinct tenses are used to illustrate how complete it is.

• Present Indefinite Tense: Also referred to as the Simple Present tense, these tenses are ambiguous in indicating whether a task is finished or still in progress. The simple present tense is typically used to indicate an action, an everyday routine, an abstract fact, the present, or an event soon to happen.

            Examples: The sun rises in the east.

                               She writes emails every day.

• Present Continuous Tenses: These tenses indicate that a situation or action is taking place now and could persist into the future.

            Examples: I am reading a novel.

                               They are playing football in the park.

• The Present Perfect Tense: Actions beginning in the past and completed up to the present are put down in the present perfect tense. The Present Perfect tense has a particular effect in the present, even when the task or action is carried out, as this shows.

Examples: She has finished her homework.

                               We have visited the museum twice.

• Present Perfect Continuous Tenses- This tense represents actions that began in the past and are currently going on in the present. These activities are still going on today and are not complete.

            Examples: He has been studying for three hours.

                              They have been working on this project since morning.

What is Past Tense?

An activity that has been finished or wrapped up, or a state or circumstance that occurred in the past, is described in the past tense.

• Past Indefinite Tense: It is also called the Simple Past Tense; this tense expresses an action or circumstance already occurring. Past activities are described in the present indefinite tense.

            Examples: She went to the market yesterday.

                               We watched a movie last night.

• Past Continuous Tense- It represents an action that persisted for a predetermined amount of time in the past.

            Examples: I was reading a book when he called.

                               They were dancing at the party.

• Past Perfect Tense expresses an action finished before another past event begins. It occasionally also refers to the activities that were carried out at a specific time in the past.

            Examples: She had already left when I arrived.

                               We had finished dinner before the guests arrived.

• Past Perfect Continuous- Actions that began and lasted until a specific moment in the past are described in the past perfect continuous tense. This tense also characterizes a situation or activity that lasted until another one happened in the past.

             Examples: They had been waiting for two hours before the train arrived.

                               I had been studying all night for the exam.

What is Future Tense?

The future tense serves to depict a situation that does not exist or an activity that has yet to take place but may do so in the future.

• Future Indefinite Tense: It is sometimes called the Simple Future Tense and is used to express events that will occur shortly or shortly.

             Examples: She will attend the meeting tomorrow.

                                 We shall overcome these challenges.

• Future Continuous Tense, sometimes referred to as the future progressive tense, is employed to characterize an action that will go on or continue to be carried out in the future. It is merely the present continuous tense in its future version.

             Examples: He will be traveling to Paris next week.

                                They will be celebrating their anniversary.

• Future Perfect Tense: Actions that will be finished by a specific date are described using the perfect tense.

            Examples: By 5 PM, she will have finished her report.

                             We will have completed the project by the end of the month.

• Future Perfect Continuous Tense: The future perfect continuous tense, often called the future perfect progressive tense, describes acts that will continue to advance until a specific point in the future.

            Examples: She will have worked at the company for a decade by next year.

                              They will have been studying for hours before the exam starts.

Examples of 12 tenses-

The chart below presents all 12 tenses examples with their description. Let’s read the details here-

Tense	Example Sentence	Time Reference
Simple Present	He writes a letter.	Habitual or universal truth
Present Continuous	He is writing a letter.	Ongoing action
Present Perfect	He has written a letter.	Recently completed action
Present Perfect Continuous	He has been writing a letter.	Action started in past, ongoing
Simple Past	He wrote a letter.	Completed action in the past
Past Continuous	He was writing a letter.	Ongoing action in the past
Past Perfect	He had written a letter before I arrived.	Action completed before another
Past Perfect Continuous	He had been writing a letter for an hour.	Action ongoing in the past
Simple Future	He will write a letter.	Future action
Future Continuous	He will be writing a letter.	Ongoing future action
Future Perfect	He will have written a letter by 5 PM.	Completed action by a future point
Future Perfect Continuous	He will have been writing a letter for an hour.	Ongoing future action until a point

Conclusion-

The foundation of successful English communication is tenses. Understanding tenses lets you express ideas precisely and clearly, whether recounting current occurrences, describing the past, or making predictions. You can communicate with confidence and accuracy once you have mastered the subtleties of tenses via practice and constant study.