Particularly for non-native English speakers, the TOEFL Speaking segment can be a difficult portion of the test. Test-takers must exhibit excellent pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary in addition to responding to a variety of prompts in a clear, fluid, and cohesive manner. Effective TOEFL Speaking preparation entails employing strategic practice methods and developing essential abilities.

Everything you need to know will be covered in this book, including the format of the TOEFL Speaking portion, critical abilities, efficient study techniques, and professional advice to improve your score.

TOEFL speaking section structure

The TOEFL Speaking section assesses your ability to communicate effectively in English in academic and social settings. It consists of four tasks, categorized as Independent Speaking (Task 1) and Integrated Speaking (Tasks 2-4).

First task: Self-speaking assignment

You will respond to a question in this task by drawing on your thoughts and experiences. It will be expected of you to state your position and give evidence to support it clearly.

Steps-

• Pay attention to the query.
• Make a plan and arrange your response.
• Talk and provide evidence to back up your position.
• Duration of Preparation: 15 seconds
• 45 seconds was the response time.

Task 2- Campus situation integrated speaking task

This assignment will have you read a passage about a campus-related topic and then hear a discussion about the same subject. The main ideas from the discussion should be summed up and connected to the reading.

Steps-

• Read a chapter about the campus.
• Listen to two individuals conversing about the same subject.
• In your prepared response, describe the speaker's viewpoint from the discussion and how it relates to the passage.
• The duration of preparation is 30 seconds.
• 60 seconds is the reaction duration.

Task 3- Academic course integrated speaking task

Similar to Task 2, this task includes academic material. You will hear a portion of a lecture on the same topic and read a brief academic excerpt. You must provide an overview of the ideas presented in both sources.

Steps-

• Read a piece that is relevant to your academic topic.
• Attend a seminar about the same topic.
• Make sure to put together your response that explains how the reading's ideas are supported or shown by the lecture.
• Duration of preparation is 30 seconds
• 60 seconds is the response time.

Task 4- Academic lecture integrated speaking task

Task 4 only involves hearing and summarizing data. After listening to an academic lecture, you will summarize the key points made.

Steps-

• Attend a scholarly lecture.
• Prepare a response that highlights the main ideas and topics covered in the presentation.
• 20 seconds for preparation.
• 60-second reaction time.

Task Type	Description	Preparation Time	Response Time
Task 1: Independent Speaking	Express an opinion on a familiar topic	15 sec	45 sec
Task 2: Integrated (Reading + Listening + Speaking)	Summarize and explain a campus-related situation	30 sec	60 sec
Task 3: Integrated (Reading + Listening + Speaking)	Summarize and explain an academic concept	30 sec	60 sec
Task 4: Integrated (Listening + Speaking)	Summarize and explain a lecture	20 sec	60 sec

The TOEFL Speaking section lasts 16–17 minutes in total, and answers are graded according to their vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, fluency, and subject accuracy. 

What are the successful tips to improve your TOEFL speaking score?

The following practical study advice will help you get the most out of your TOEFL Speaking score-

• Strengthen vocabulary: Regularly pick up new words and phrases to add to your vocabulary. To improve the words in a bank, use online tools, vocabulary lists, and flashcards.
• Practice listening: By routinely watching movies, newscasts, and webinars in English, you can get better at listening. Concentrate on comprehending various styles of speech and dialects.
• Note-taking: As you listen to spoken sections, practice taking insightful notes. Recall material better when speaking by summarizing the essential concepts and points.
• Create a study schedule: Make a study plan that allows specific time for practising speaking on the TOEFL. Divide your preparation into doable assignments and establish clear objectives for yourself.
• Complete practice exams: Solve practice papers and sample questions to become acquainted with the structure and kinds of questions in the TOEFL Speaking section. Be mindful of timing and time management.
• Practice speaking out loud: Practice speaking English out loud on a regular basis to enhance your pronunciation and fluency. Make an effort to speak at a natural speed while concentrating on speaking properly and fluently.
• Record and review: Take notes during your speaking drills and pay close attention to what you hear. Determine your areas of weakness, such as poor grammar or pronunciation, and attempt to fix them.
• Pay attention to pronunciation and vocabulary: Make sure to focus on articulation and vocabulary when you practice. Make an effort to speak clearly and naturally by practising the proper pronunciation of challenging concepts and words.

What about the effective practice techniques for TOEFL speaking?

Shadowing technique for pronunciation and fluency

To improve pronunciation and fluency, use the shadowing technique, which entails listening to a native speaker and instantly repeating what they say using the same intonation, rhythm, and pronunciation.

How should you practice?

• Choose an audio news article, podcast, or TOEFL sample response.
• After playing a statement, quickly repeat it while attempting to mimic the speaker's tempo and tone.
• Take a video of yourself, then compare it to the original.

Responding to practice questions every day

Regular communication is essential for progress. Develop the practice of responding to one TOEFL Speaking question each day.

Methods for practicing

• Select a Speaking question for the TOEFL from practice guides or internet sources.
• Record your answer and listen for ways to make it better.
• Pay attention to detail, word pronunciation, and fluency.

Using a structured speaking template-

Templates enable you to provide well-organized responses and swiftly organize your responses.

Independent speaking task-1 template

• Clearly express your viewpoint.
• Explain your initial justification.
• Give an illustration.
• Explain your second justification.
• Make a compelling conclusion.

Summarization practice for integrated speaking

For integrated speaking assignments, you must provide a summary of a lecture or a reading chapter. Summarization is a skill that can be developed via practice.

How should you practice?

• Watch a TED Talk or read a brief article.
• Make brief notes on the key points.
• Give a 60-second summary of the material using your own words.

Your capacity to swiftly remember and organize essential information will increase as a result.

Creating test parameters

To become accustomed to the format and time constraints of the TOEFL, practice under actual test settings is crucial.

Practice tips-

• Set a timer for when you need to prepare and respond.
• Once a week, complete a 16-minute speaking test.
• Record yourself, then watch how you performed.

Receiving input from others

Finding areas for growth can be aided by receiving input from language partners, tutors, or teachers.

Practice tips-

·       Participate in peer reviews by joining online TOEFL Speaking groups.

What are the common mistakes in TOEFL speaking, and how can they?

The Speaking component of the TOEFL is difficult since it assesses organization, coherence, pronunciation, and fluency under time constraints. Common errors made by test-takers can result in lower marks. The most common mistakes and methods to prevent them are as follows-

Talking too quickly or too slowly

Some pupils talk too quickly, which makes their meaning obscure. Some people talk too slowly and run out of time before finishing their answers.

How can you prevent it?

• Find your rhythm. To strike a balance between clarity and fluidity, practice speaking while using a metronome or timer.
• If you hesitate or hesitate, record yourself and examine it.
• Rather than responding with a single, lengthy sentence, use natural pauses to organize your response.

Inaccurate intonation and pronunciation

Speech sounds weird when words are mispronounced or when the voice is monotone.

Incorrect syllable stress.

How can you avoid it?

Listen to news, audiobooks, and podcasts with native speakers.

• To enhance your rhythm and intonation, practice shadowing a native speaker.

Using fillers excessively

You sound uncertain and less fluent if you use too many fillers.

How can one avoid it?

• Instead of using fillers, practice pauses. Quietness is preferable to superfluous speech.
• To maintain organization, use transitional words.
• You can identify excessive filler words by recording and analyzing your speech.

Not correctly responding to the question

A low score results from straying from the subject or omitting important details.

Ways to prevent-

• Pay close attention to the question. Determine whether a description, explanation, or opinion is being sought.
• Keep to a schedule.

Lack of organization

The listener becomes confused when you speak haphazardly without a defined structure.

How can you avoid it?

• Utilize templates for various kinds of questions.
• Before speaking, practice using transition phrases and organizing your response using cue cards.

Running out of time

If you talk too slowly or focus on one thing for too long, there won't be time for a conclusion.

How can one avoid it?

• Utilize a stopwatch to practice timing yourself.
• Put important points first rather than going into too much detail about one.
• To help you decide when to move on to the next concept, use a structure.

Responses that have been memorized

Some test-takers make their answers sound robotic by memorizing them. The examiner can detect an odd or off-topic reaction.

How can you avoid it?

• Recognize trends rather than learning complete answers by heart.
• To sound more natural, practice responding in different ways.
• To make responses distinctive, draw on personal experiences.

Ignoring important terms and colloquial idioms

Responses that use simple or repetitive language come across as simplistic.

For instance, always using the word "good" rather than "beneficial," "effective," or "advantageous."

How can one avoid it?

• Find synonyms for everyday terms.
• Make limited use of idioms.
• Make a word bank with terminology related to a particular topic.

Inadequate grammar and sentence construction

Improper verb tenses, subject-verb agreement, and sentence construction diminish clarity.

How can you avoid it?

• Work on using whole phrases when you speak.
• Instead of using complicated but inaccurate sentences, use basic yet correct grammar.
• Examine and correct common grammatical errors prior to the test.

Insufficient self-assurance and anxiety

Speaking quietly or pausing excessively out of nervousness reduces fluency.

Ways to Prevent-

• Test-like practice is recommended.
• Put communication first rather than perfection.
• To maintain your composure, take lengthy breaths before speaking.

Conclusion

The TOEFL Speaking section requires a combination of fluency, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and time management skills. By using structured practice techniques, speaking templates, and regular feedback, you can significantly improve your performance.

Preparing for TOEFL Speaking Scoring: Key Skills and Practice Techniques FAQs-

Q.1 How is the TOEFL Speaking section structured?

Ans- The TOEFL Speaking section has four tasks: one independent task and three integrated tasks. You have 17 minutes to complete this section.

Q.2 What are the key skills needed for a high score?

Ans- To score well, focus on fluency, pronunciation, coherence, grammar, and vocabulary. Structuring your responses logically and speaking confidently is essential.

Q.3 How can you improve your fluency for the TOEFL Speaking section?

Ans- Practice speaking daily on various topics. Use shadowing techniques, record yourself, and avoid long pauses or fillers.

Q.4 What is a good TOEFL Speaking score?

Ans- A good TOEFL Speaking score falls within the range of 20 to 25. However, what constitutes a good score may vary depending on the requirements of the institution or program you are applying to.

Q.5 What are some common pronunciation mistakes to avoid?

Ans- Mispronouncing vowels, stressing the wrong syllable, and speaking too fast or too softly. Practice with YouGlish, Forvo, or ELSA Speaks to refine pronunciation.

Q.6 How do you avoid running out of time during my responses?

Ans- Practice with a timer. Aim to finish with 1-2 seconds left to avoid being cut off. Stick to 30-35 seconds for main points and leave 5 seconds for a conclusion.

Q.7 Should you memorize responses before the test?

Ans- No. Memorized responses sound unnatural and may not fit the question. Instead, learn response patterns and practice speaking on different topics.

Q.8 How can you improve your vocabulary for the TOEFL Speaking test?

Ans- Build a word bank with topic-related words and synonyms. Use idiomatic expressions carefully, but do not force them.

Q.9 How do you stay calm and confident during the test?

Ans- Practice under real test conditions and focus on communication, not perfection. Take deep breaths, speak at a steady pace, and believe in your practice.

Q.10 If you are unhappy with your result, is it possible to retake the Speaking portion of the TOEFL?

Ans- Yes, you can repeat the TOEFL exam, including the Speaking portion, if you're unhappy with your results. Be sure to review the TOEFL norms and procedures, though, as there are limitations on the number of times you can retake the exam.

Studying abroad is a dream for many students. It provides unmatched educational opportunities, chances for international networking, and a competitive advantage in the labor market. However, one of the most significant hurdles is funding. The sum of tuition, housing, transportation, daily expenses, and other related costs might add up rapidly.  Fortunately, an educational loan can bridge the financial gap and help students pursue their aspirations without burdening their families. Everything you require to know about student loans for studying abroad is covered in this extensive blog, including various kinds of loans and eligibility requirements, along with top lenders and ways to repay.

Why consider an education loan for studying abroad?

An education loan enables students to finance their studies without compromising on quality or settling for less. Key benefits include:

• Covers high costs- It helps manage the high expenses of tuition, travel, accommodation, and living abroad without burdening family savings.
• Financial independence- Enables students to fund their education and reduce dependence on parents or guardians.
• Building a credit history through repayment of an education loan can help build a good credit score, which is valuable for future financial needs.
• Adaptable repayment plans- The majority of loans have a moratorium period that permits repayment to start following the conclusion of the course.
• Tax benefits Section 80E of the Income Tax Act, co-borrowers or students in nations like India are eligible to deduct interest from their taxes.
• Increases admission chances- A sanctioned education loan can strengthen your visa application by demonstrating financial readiness.
• Focus on studies, financial worries minimized, and students can concentrate better on academics and career building.

What are the types of education loans?

When it comes to student loans for overseas study, there are two main categories:

A. Secured Education Loan (With Collateral)

• Definition: Someone who borrows provides the bank with a valuable commodity as protection.
• Accepted Collateral: Fixed deposits, residential or commercial property, LIC policies, etc.
• Increased loan amounts (up to INR 1.5 crore or more) are available.
• As a result of lower risk, interest rates are typically lower.
• The repayment period may last for up to 15 years.

B. Unsecured Education Loan (Without Collateral)

• Definition: No asset is pledged, but the loan is granted based on academic merit and the co-applicant's credit profile.
• A loan can range from INR 7.5 to 40 lakh, depending on the lender.
• A little higher interest rate because of the increased risk.
• The repayment period is typically up to ten years.

What qualifications are necessary to be eligible for a study abroad educational loan?

Although they differ between banks and nations, the admission standards generally consist of-

• Nationality: A citizen or a legal resident of the country that is releasing the funding is required of the student.
• Enrolment: Evidence of enrolment in an accredited foreign university.
• Academic background: Strong academic record, especially at higher secondary and undergraduate levels.
• Course type: Graduate, postgraduate, or doctoral programs are usually eligible.
• Co-applicant: An additional borrower, typically a parent or guardian, is frequently required to have a steady income and a high credit rating.

Which expenses become covered in educational loans?

Overseas education loans typically cover the following costs-

• Tuition and admission fees
• Accommodation charges
• Travel and visa costs
• Examination, library, and laboratory fees
• Study materials and equipment (laptops, books, etc.)
• Health insurance
• Caution: deposit or refundable deposits

Which documents are required for studying abroad educational loans?

The following set of paperwork is needed to apply for an educational loan:

Student documents-

• Valid passport and visa copy
• A university offer or admission letter
• Academic certificates and transcripts
• Entrance exam scorecards (GRE, GMAT, IELTS, TOEFL, etc.)
• Statement of the cost of the study
• Passport-sized photographs

Co-applicant documents-

• Identity and address proof
• Income proof (salary slips, ITR, Form 16)
• Bank account statements
• Employment proof or business income proof

Collateral documents (for secured loans)

• Property documents with title deeds
• Property valuation report
• Encumbrance certificate

Which are India's biggest lenders for educational loans for students?

The following are a few of the most well-known banks and NBFCs that provide loans for study abroad-

Public Sector Banks

• State Bank of India (SBI): Offers the Global Ed-Vantage Scheme
• Punjab National Bank (PNB): Offers Udaan Scheme for study abroad
• Bank of Baroda: Offers the Baroda Scholar Loan

Private Banks

• ICICI Bank
• HDFC Bank
• Axis Bank

NBFCs (Non-Banking Financial Companies)

• HDFC Credila
• InCred
• Avanse Financial Services
• Auxilo Finserve

Interest rates and processing fees-

Interest rates vary by lender and depend on the type of loan, repayment plan, and applicant profile. Here's a broad concept:

• 8.5% to 10.5% annually for public banks and 10% to 13.5% annually for private banks and NBFCs.
• The processing fees usually range from 0.5% to 2% of the loan amount.

Some banks offer interest rate concessions (0.5%) to female students.

Moratorium period and repayment terms-

Moratorium Period

This is the break given during the course duration and an additional 6–12 months after course completion. No repayment is needed during this period, though some banks charge simple interest.

Repayment Tenure

• Public sector banks: Up to 15 years
• Private banks/NBFCs: Up to 10–12 years

Early repayment or foreclosure is allowed in most cases, often with no penalty.

What is the procedure for approving and disbursing student loans abroad?

The loan approval and disbursement process for studying abroad typically follows these key steps:

1. Research and Compare Lenders

• Identify banks or financial institutions that offer education loans for overseas studies.
• Examine and contrast the amount of loan, rate of interest, fee for processing, and security needs.

2. Check Eligibility

• Ensure you and your co-applicant meet the eligibility criteria (e.g., academic background, university admission, and income proof).

3. Submit Loan Application

• Complete the loan application process in person at a bank location or via the Internet.

• Include details about the course, country, university, and estimated expenses.

4. Document Submission

• Send in the necessary paperwork, including the co-applicant's income proof, educational transcripts, one's identity evidence, and, if relevant, security papers.

5. Loan Processing and Verification

• The lender reviews your application, verifies documents, and assesses your creditworthiness.
• This may include a personal discussion or a telephone interview.

6. Sanction Letter Issued

• Once approved, a loan sanction letter is issued stating the sanctioned amount, interest rate, repayment terms, and other conditions.
• This letter is frequently needed when applying for a visa.

7. Loan Agreement and Collateral Submission

• You and your co-applicant sign the loan contract.

• If it's a secured loan, collateral documents are submitted and evaluated.

8. Disbursement of Funds

• Funds are disbursed as per the university’s fee schedule—usually directly to the institution.
• Living expenses and other costs may be transferred to the student’s or co-applicant’s bank account as needed.

9. Begin Repayment After Moratorium

• Repayment typically starts after the course ends, plus a 6–12-month grace period (moratorium).
• Interest may accrue during the moratorium and be added to the principal.

What are the common challenges to getting a loan to study abroad?

• Low credit score of co-applicants: Choose NBFCs that accept alternative profiles or include a second co-applicant.
• Insufficient collateral: Go for an unsecured loan or mix both collateral and non-collateral routes.
• Rejection due to low academic scores: Consider applying after gaining some work experience or choosing a lower-cost country.
• Delayed disbursement: Start the process at least 3–4 months before your intake date.
• Inaccurate or absence of paperwork: False or absent paperwork may result in refusals or postponements.
• An admission letter is not available yet. Most banks require proof of admission before sanctioning the loan.

• High processing time- Bank loan approvals can take weeks, affecting visa timelines.

• Limited loan coverage- Some banks do not cover all costs, like travel, accommodation, or insurance.

• Rejection due to country or course selection- Loans may be denied for certain countries or non-recognized courses.

• Difficulty understanding loan terms- Many students and families struggle to understand interest rates, moratoriums, and repayment conditions.
• Visa refusal risk- If the visa is refused, the loan process may be stalled or canceled.

• Over-reliance on a single lender- Limiting to one bank may result in higher rates or unfavorable terms.

What are the tips to improve loan approval chances?

• Maintain a strong academic record- Lenders often consider your academic performance as a key factor. Good grades and standardized test scores (like IELTS, TOEFL, GRE, GMAT) reflect your seriousness and increase trust in your repayment ability.
• Choose a recognized university and course- Opt for accredited universities and career-oriented courses. Admission to a reputed institution improves your chances, as lenders see it as a low-risk investment.
• Have a trustworthy co-applicant- The application you submit is strengthened by a second applicant who is stable in their finances, typically a parent or guardian, has a high credit score, and earns a consistent income. The stronger the financial profile, the better your chances of approval.
• Build or improve credit history- If possible, ensure your co-applicant has a good credit report. Avoid defaults, late payments, or excessive existing loans before applying.
• Provide complete and accurate documentation- Submit all required documents—ID proof, admission letter, fee structure, co-applicant income proof, etc., neatly and correctly. Incomplete or incorrect paperwork is a common reason for delays or rejection.
• Don't overborrow; instead, apply for the appropriate loan type. Make sure the loan funds are equal to your actual monthly living and educational costs. Include a university-issued breakdown of expected costs to justify the requested amount.
• Add collateral (if possible)- If you are eligible for a high-value loan, offering collateral (like property or fixed deposits) increases approval chances and may get you a lower interest rate.
• Apply early- Start the loan process at least 3–6 months before your course begins. Early application gives you time to address any queries, submit documents, or look for alternatives.

What are the alternatives to Educational Loans for studying abroad?

If you are looking for other ways to finance your education abroad:

• Scholarships and grants (merit-based or need-based)
• Assistantships (teaching or research)
• Part-time jobs (subject to visa regulations)
• Crowdfunding or alumni sponsorships

Conclusion-

An education loan for studying abroad can turn your dreams into reality—without overwhelming financial stress. By understanding the different loan types, eligibility criteria, documentation, and repayment terms, students and parents can make well-informed decisions.

It’s essential to start early, compare multiple lenders, and apply with complete and accurate documentation to avoid delays. When planned wisely, an educational loan becomes an investment in a successful future.

FAQs on Education Loans for Studying Abroad

Q1. Can you get a loan before getting admission?

Ans- Most banks issue a pre-admission sanction letter based on conditional offer letters.

Q2. Is it possible to apply for funding for diploma programs?

Ans- Yes, if the diploma is from a recognized institution and the course duration is eligible.

Q3. If you provide a guarantee, do you require a co-applicant?

Ans- Yes, most banks still require a co-applicant to assess repayment capability.

Q4. Can you claim a tax deduction for the interest on your student loans?

Ans- Yes, under Section 80E of the IT Act in India, interest is tax-deductible for 8 years.

Q5. What expenses are covered under an education loan for studying abroad?

Ans- Most education loans cover tuition fees, accommodation, travel, books, insurance, and living expenses.

Q6. Does an overseas study loan demand collateral?

Ans- The answer is contingent upon the lender and the total amount of the loan. For loans over ₹7.5 lakhs, public banks might demand collateral, but some private lenders and NBFCs provide non-collateral loans.

Q7. When does repayment of the education loan begin?

Ans- The repayment typically begins following the end of the course and, subject to the lender, a 6- to 12-month moratorium period.

Q.8 Can you get a loan without a confirmed admission?

Ans- Some lenders provide provisional loan sanction letters before admission, which can help with visa applications.

Q9. Who can be a co-applicant for an education loan?

Ans- Typically, parents, siblings, or legal guardians with a stable income and good credit history can act as co-applicants.

Studying in the United States is a dream for many international students, and securing admission to a U.S. institution is the first step toward fulfilling that dream. One of the most critical documents in this journey is Form I-20, issued by U.S. institutions to students accepted into their programs. This blog provides an in-depth guide to Form I-20, covering its purpose, application process, key sections, and important guidelines.

What is Form I-20?

Form I-20, officially known as the Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant Student Status, is a document issued by the Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP)-certified U.S. institutions to international students admitted to their academic programs. This document is essential for obtaining an F-1 (academic student visa) or M-1 (vocational student visa) and plays a significant role throughout a student’s stay in the U.S.

What are the requirements for the I-20 Form?

You must fulfill the following prerequisites to receive the I-20 visa application form-

• Obtain admission to a recognized college or university—First, your application must be accepted by the college or university you applied to. The organization must hold an SEVP certification.
• Verify that your information is accurate and current- The college or university you attend needs to attest to your data's accuracy and ability to pay for your expenses while in the US.

How should you proceed after you have an I-20 form?

You must complete the following two procedures after receiving your I-20 form-

• The I-1901 SEVIS charge must be paid as soon as you obtain the I-20 form, and it must be paid before entering the United States. Details from the I-20 form are required to complete the transaction.

• The I-20 is an essential component of the visa application process. This document contains information about the program's finances, the program's cost, how the student intends to pay for it, and the program the aspirant will pursue. During the visa interview, the consulate may request an original copy of the I-20. Verify that the type of visa you are applying for and the one listed on the form match.

What is the purpose of Form I-20?

Form I-20 serves several key purposes:

1. Visa Application—This is required to obtain an F-1 or M-1 student visa from the U.S. Embassy or Consulate.
2. Proof of Legal Student Status – The document confirms a student’s eligibility to study in the U.S.
3. Entry into the U.S. is required when arriving at a U.S. port of entry.
4. Maintaining Legal Status – Students must keep their Form I-20 updated throughout their stay.
5. Work Authorization is needed when applying for practical training, such as Optional Practical Training (OPT) or Curricular Practical Training (CPT).
6. Travel Authorization – Students need a valid Form I-20 to re-enter the U.S. after traveling abroad.

Who needs Form I-20?

Any international student seeking to study in the U.S. under an F-1 or M-1 visa must obtain Form I-20 from their educational institution. This includes:

• Students enrolling in degree programs (Bachelor’s, Master’s, Ph.D.)
• Students attending language training programs
• Students in vocational training programs

How to Obtain Form I-20?

Step 1: Apply to a SEVP-Certified School

To receive a Form I-20, students must first secure admission to a SEVP-certified U.S. educational institution. The school must confirm the student’s acceptance and financial ability to pay for their studies.

Step 2: Submit Required Documents

After acceptance, students typically need to provide:

• A valid passport
• Proof of financial resources (bank statements, affidavits, scholarships, etc.)
• Previous academic records
• English proficiency test scores (TOEFL, IELTS, etc.)

Step 3: The School Issues Form I-20

Once the required documents are verified, the school issues Form I-20, which contains the SEVIS (Student and Exchange Visitor Information System) number and other details.

Step 4: Pay the SEVIS Fee

Students must pay the SEVIS I-901 fee at www.fmjfee.com before submitting a visa application. The receipt is required for the visa application.

Step 5: Apply for a Student Visa

With Form I-20, students can proceed with the F-1 or M-1 visa application by scheduling a visa interview at the nearest U.S. Embassy/Consulate.

What are the key sections of Form I-20?

1. Student Information – Includes personal details such as name, date of birth, citizenship, and passport information.
2. School Information – Contains details about the institution issuing the I-20, including SEVIS ID and school address.
3. Program of Study – Specifies the course name, start and end dates, and education level.
4. Financial Information – Lists the total estimated cost of attendance and the financial proof provided.
5. School Attestation and DSO Signature – Signed by the Designated School Official (DSO), confirming the student's admission and eligibility.
6. Student Certification – The student must sign this section to confirm the accuracy of the information.

How long is your Form I-20 valid?

The major you have selected and the level of study you are pursuing under graduation or postgraduation—determine the completion date on your Form I-20. In addition, the university has estimated how long it might take you to complete all of the prerequisites for your degree. An extension can be sought from the university's foreign office at least one month before the completion deadline, just in case you cannot complete your program by the specified date. Furthermore, the length may differ according to the degree of study-

• Undergraduate: The final exam day of the semester, when all prerequisites for the degree are completed.
• Graduate: If the degree includes research, this is the date on which all requirements are completed. When the criteria for the degree are met, the final exam day of the semester occurs if there is no investigation portion, as in the case of an MBA.

How do we maintain the validity of Form I-20?

To remain in compliance with U.S. immigration laws, students must:

• Maintain full-time enrollment (typically 12 credits for undergraduates and nine credits for graduates)
• Ensure that their I-20 is updated in case of changes in academic programs or funding
• Renew I-20 before expiration
• Get proper authorization before engaging in off-campus work
• Request travel endorsements from their DSO before leaving the U.S.

What to do if Form I-20 is lost or expired?

If Form I-20 is lost, damaged, or expired, students should immediately contact their school’s DSO to request a new copy.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

1. Providing incorrect financial information – Ensure that proof of funds meets the requirements.
2. Not updating Form I-20 when changing programs – Inform the DSO of any program changes.
3. Traveling without a valid signature – Students must have a travel signature from the DSO within the last six months before traveling abroad.
4. Failing to maintain full-time enrollment – Dropping below full-time status without prior approval can lead to visa termination.

When should you obtain a fresh Form I-20?

The following situations may result in students receiving a new Form I-20 from their DSO after receiving the original Form I-20 for program acceptance-

• Should the hard copy of the form be lost or destroyed?
• To provide travel endorsement.
• For example, if a student's SEVIS status has shifted from Initial to Active.
• If any other student details, such as the study plan, optional practical training, or personal data, need to be updated.

Final Thoughts-

Form I-20 is a crucial document for international students planning to study in the U.S. Understanding its purpose, application process, and maintenance requirements ensures a smooth transition into academic life in the U.S. Students must carefully review and comply with all the regulations related to their Form I-20 to avoid legal complications during their studies.

FAQs on what is Form I-20

Q.1 What is Form I-20?

Ans- Form I-20 is an official document issued by SEVP-certified U.S. institutions to international students, allowing them to apply for an F-1 or M-1 student visa and study in the U.S.

Q.2 Who needs Form I-20?

Ans- Any international student seeking to study in the U.S. under an F-1 (academic) or M-1 (vocational) visa must have a valid Form I-20 issued by their school.

Q.3 How do you get Form I-20?

Ans-You must first gain admission to a SEVP-certified U.S. school, provide financial proof, and meet all admission requirements. The school will then issue Form I-20.

Q.4 Is Form I-20 the same as a student visa?

Ans- No. Form I-20 is required to apply for a student visa, but it is not a visa. You must present it when applying for an F-1 or M-1 visa at a U.S. embassy or consulate.

Q.5 What should you do after receiving Form I-20?

Ans- You must pay the SEVIS I-901 fee, apply for a student visa, schedule a visa interview, and bring Form I-20 to the U.S.

Q.6 Can you travel outside the U.S. with Form I-20?

Ans- Yes, but you need a valid travel signature from your Designated School Official (DSO) before leaving. The signature should be renewed every six months for re-entry.

Q.7 What happens if you lose your Form I-20?

Ans- You cannot stay in the U.S. or travel without a valid I-20.

Q.8 Can you work with Form I-20?

Ans: Form I-20 allows students to apply for Curricular Practical Training (CPT) and Optional Practical Training (OPT), but separate approval is required before commencing work.

Q.9 What if my Form I-20 expires?

Ans- If your program extends beyond the I-20 expiration date, you must request an extension from your DSO before it expires to maintain your legal status.

Q.10 Do you need to update your Form I-20 if you change your major?

Ans—If you change your major, school, or funding source, you must get a new Form I-20 from your DSO reflecting these changes.

It can be stressful for foreign learners to apply for a master's program. Are you sure you applied for the correct visa? Which linguistic test must you complete? When is the best time to book your flights? There are many things that you have to consider. 

You could choose to enlist the assistance of a study abroad consultant, Gateway Abroad Jaipur, who will assist you with the documentation and registration.

To give you peace of mind that the Master's program is complete, here is an overview of all the things you must achieve from the start until you're ready to take flight.

What things should be considered to apply for a Master’s at a foreign university?

You must first finish your bachelor's degree in order to apply for a master's degree overseas. For admission to the majority of master's programs, you must have a specific grade on your bachelor's program of study.

You have to take an English Proficiency Test to prove your linguistic knowledge. At this point, you should also prepare all of your prior records, as you will require them for the application. However, to ensure you are getting everything crucial, it is essential to follow your application process strictly.

Universities that conduct research

The first step is to determine precisely how you intend to spend the next twelve months to two years of your life.  However, you most likely already know what you are looking to pursue at this point. The majority of people will find this to be comparable to or equivalent to their bachelor's degree.

Examining universities with a reputation for distinction in your subject is a brilliant idea.  Searching for funding to study abroad is also an essential thing to know. Moreover, the language of instruction, the degree's international validity, and your future employment prospects are other crucial considerations.

Take the necessary admission and language tests.

As directed by the institution you attend, the next stage is completing an international language competence exam. This material is included in the prerequisites for the course you choose.

You will probably need to pass either the IELTS or TOEFL because most universities now offer English-language courses.

Additionally, some institutions accept other English language assessments, such as the Duolingo or PTE Academic tests. In addition to the program you choose, you might also be required to take extra qualifying tests, such as the GRE or GMAT.

Prepare your supporting documentation.

All of your original paperwork, such as your prior diplomas and the outcomes of your classwork and language assessments, should now be with you. Letters of recommendation or references, a statement of purpose, or a personal statement may still be required to finish your application.

References, which can come from current employers or former instructors, serve as a means of confirming your qualifications and moral fiber. Remember to allow them adequate time to respond.

A personal statement is a brief essay that enables you to discuss yourself, your motivations for applying to the course, and your belief that you are a qualified applicant.

Look into and submit scholarship applications.

In addition to your application, you might be looking for and qualifying for postgraduate international scholarships. The institution's portal is the ideal starting point for your research. The majority of institutions provide overseas students with substantial scholarships.

To find out about any further government grants, bursaries, or scholarships that might be relevant to you, you can then visit the official pages of the respective governments in the country.

Examining portals that provide a thorough list of funding for study abroad available in every nation, provided by various private or public companies, may also be a wise choice. A brilliant place to start your scholarship search is with well-known international scholarships such as the Fulbright, Chevening, and GREAT grants.

Make an application for a student visa.

Applying for a student visa should be your first course of action after verification from your educational institution. In most cases, if you are an international student who needs a visa to visit a particular nation, you must provide the following papers, although the requirements vary depending on your nationality and the country you intend to travel to.

• A passport that is currently valid.
• An enrolment document from an accredited university.
• Evidence of financial resources, such as the latest statements from banks or fellowship verification.
• Evidence of language ability.

When applying for a student visa, several nations additionally require you to submit a medical certificate and proof of health insurance. The nation's official site has a list of all the things you have to upload.

Verify the cost of tuition.

Verify the tuition costs, whether you are interested in applying for a competitive scholarship program overseas, and whether you want to take out a foreign education loan to cover your expenses before deciding to study abroad.

After confirming your decision, you should make sure that the cost of paying for your education out of pocket or by taking out a student loan will be compensated for by increasing your earning capacity in the future.

Make reservations for your stay.

Choosing accommodation well in advance will help you avoid worrying about where you'll stay for your first couple of nights in a foreign place, whether you choose private or university-provided housing. Furthermore, when you apply for a student visa, some nations additionally require proof of residency.

Obtain health insurance.

Although many nations require it in the visa application process, having foreign medical coverage is always a brilliant idea. When you have health insurance, you can be sure that you will be safe in the event of an accident or unanticipated disease without having to pay a considerable amount of money.

What documents do you need to apply for a master's at a foreign university?

During the application process, overseas colleges require the following documents from you:

Copies of your previous academic credentials: When applying for a master's degree at a foreign university, you have to include verified copies of your English-language test graduation credentials.

Some schools will also demand a high school graduation certificate, even though the majority of master's applications only need an undergraduate degree. Universities require these records as evidence that you have completed and attended prior educational cycles to admit you to a postgraduate degree.

Academic records from your undergraduate studies:

The documents of your academic work provide the institution with comprehensive information about your undergraduate coursework, including modules and lessons taken with grades. The transcripts in question must be official copies, not pictures or written pages, as required by institutions.

Transcripts from academic institutions are crucial because they show which courses you have taken. This information helps colleges determine whether you have the training and experience needed for the Master's program you are applying for.

Evidence of language ability

You are likely going to study in English or another widely used foreign language when pursuing a degree overseas. Because of this, institutions require you to be sure that you are capable of using a foreign language at the level of academia and that it won't be an obstacle to your educational experience.

For those who are learning English, IELTS, PTE Academic, TOEFL, C1 Advanced, and other formal language certifications are usually required by Master's programs. They are genuinely expecting you to have a specific score when they demand it. The higher your score, the more specific they are in believing that you are proficient in English.

Statement of purpose or motivation letter

Many learners need direction when they are required to submit a motivation letter or statement of purpose with their application. Although they seem very comparable, a statement of purpose and a motivation letter are not the same thing.

Nonetheless, both documents should focus on your educational experiences and the reasons you are applying for a certain degree. They should also generally be well-written, concise, and organized.

Universities anticipate that in a motivation letter, you will emphasize in greater detail your career ambitions and the background related to the course of study. Additionally, they may ask you to specify the course or area of specialization you wish to pursue for your master's.

In your statement of purpose, colleges expect you to discuss your background, hobbies, and career aspirations, as well as what has shaped and motivated your educational and career path so far. Put differently, it's a far more intimate document that allows you to make your application stand out.

Curriculum Vitae

Your academic resume serves as your business card. However, you should absolutely discuss your professions and extracurricular interests; schools will only show a little interest in hearing about them in great detail.

They want to evaluate how your background aligns with or demonstrates your interest in the course of study you wish to pursue. Because of this, you should concentrate on adding published scholarly papers, work in academic groups, pertinent think-tanks, etc., to your resume.

In the world of numbers and statistics, especially in academic performance and competitive examinations, the terms percentage and percentile are frequently used. While they sound somewhat similar and are often confused, they refer to entirely different concepts. Both serve important purposes in evaluation systems, statistical interpretation, and comparative analysis.

This guide aims to provide a detailed understanding of what percentages and percentiles are, how they differ, and when each is used. We will explore definitions, examples, key differences, usage in various fields, common misconceptions, and frequently asked questions.

What is a Percentage?

Definition:

A percentage is a mathematical expression that represents a number as a fraction of 100. It shows how much of something exists relative to the whole.

Formula-

Percentage	(Obtained Value)	×100
	(Total Value)

Example-

If a student scores 45 out of 50 marks in a subject-

Percentage	45	×100
	50

What are the uses of percentage?

Percentages are useful for giving an absolute measure of achievement or value, and they allow for easy comparison across different contexts by normalizing data to a scale of 100. Percentages are widely used in everyday life, academics, finance, business, and data analysis. Below are the major uses of percentages-

1. Academic evaluation-

• Marks and grades- Student performance is often evaluated using percentages to indicate how much of the total marks were secured.
• Passing criteria- Institutions set minimum passing percentages (e.g., 33%, 40%, 50%).

2. Financial calculations-

• Interest rates- Banks and financial institutions express loan and savings interest in percentages (e.g., 7.5% per annum).
• Discounts and sales- Retailers use percentages to show price reductions (e.g., 20% off).
• Tax rates- GST, VAT, and income tax is calculated as percentages of income or product value.

3. Business and economics-

• Profit and loss- Businesses calculate profit/loss percentage to assess financial health.
• Market share- Companies compare their market position using percentage of total sales.
• Growth rate- Economic indicators like GDP growth are expressed in percentages.

4. Data interpretation-

• Statistics and reports- Surveys and research often use percentages to present data concisely (e.g., 65% of people prefer online shopping).
• Comparisons- Percentages help compare different quantities on a common scale.

5. Daily life-

• Health metrics- Body fat percentage, recovery rates, or blood oxygen levels.
• Cooking- Recipes sometimes use percentages for ingredients (e.g., 2% milk).

6. Exams and competitive tests-

• Cut-offs and merit lists- Percentages help set qualifying benchmarks.
• Normalization -Marks are often converted into percentages for uniformity.

7. Investments-

• Return on Investment (ROI)- Expressed as a percentage to indicate profit or loss.
• Share market- Stock price changes and dividend yields are often in percentages.

What is a Percentile?

A percentile is a measure used in statistics to indicate the relative standing or rank of a value in a dataset. It tells us what percentage of observations fall below a particular value.

Example:

If your exam score is in the 85th percentile, it means you scored higher than 85% of the test-takers. It does not mean you scored 85%.

Common Percentiles:

• 25th percentile (Q1): First quartile
• 50th percentile (Q2): Median
• 75th percentile (Q3): Third quartile
• 100th percentile: Highest value in the dataset

What are the uses of percentile?

Percentiles are primarily used to evaluate a person’s relative performance in comparison to a group. Percentiles are widely used in education, statistics, healthcare, business, and performance evaluation to understand how a specific value or individual compares to a larger group. Unlike percentages, which show an absolute value out of 100, percentiles measure relative ranking. Here are the key uses of percentiles-

1. Competitive exams and standardized tests-

• Ranking candidates- Percentile scores show how well a candidate performed compared to others.
  Example- In exams like JEE, NEET, GRE, or CAT, a 95th percentile means the candidate performed better than 95% of test-takers.
• Cut-off determination- Universities and institutions often use percentile cut-offs to shortlist candidates.

2. Educational assessment-

• Student performance analysis- Percentiles help understand a student's performance relative to peers.
• Benchmarking- Schools and boards use percentile ranks to compare student achievement across regions or years.

3. Growth and health assessment-

• Child growth charts- Pediatricians use percentiles to compare a child's height, weight, or BMI to others of the same age and gender.
  Example- A baby in the 60th percentile for weight weighs more than 60% of babies of the same age.

4. Human resources and employee appraisal-

• Performance evaluation- Organizations use percentiles to evaluate employee performance compared to others in similar roles.
  Example- A salesperson in the 80th percentile sold more than 80% of colleagues.

5. Statistical analysis and research-

• Data distribution insight- Percentiles describe data spread and help identify trends or outliers.
• Quartile analysis- Used to divide data into quartiles (e.g., Q1, median, Q3) for further interpretation.
• Skewness measurement- Helps assess how data is distributed—whether it’s skewed left, right, or normal.

6. Finance and economics-

• Income distribution- Economists use percentiles to understand income inequality (e.g., top 10% earners vs. bottom 50%).
• Market analysis- Investment performance or salary levels are often compared using percentiles.

7. Risk assessment and quality control-

• Product testing- In manufacturing, percentiles help determine reliability.
  Example- A product rated at the 95th percentile performs better than 95% of comparable items.
• Risk management- Financial and insurance industries use percentile models to assess potential loss or risk scenarios.

What are the key differences between percentage and percentile?

Definition-

• Percentage: A value that expresses a number as a fraction of 100.
• Percentile: A measure indicating the relative position of a value in a dataset, showing what percentage of values fall below it.

Nature-

• Percentage: Absolute value.
• Percentile: Relative rank.

Purpose-

• Percentage: Shows how much was achieved out of the total.
• Percentile: Indicates how well one performed in comparison to others.

4. Calculation-

• Percentage-

Percentage	(Obtained Value)	×100
	(Total Value)

 

• Percentile-
  Determined based on the number of values below a particular score in a dataset.

5. Range-

• Percentage: Always between 0 to 100.
• Percentile: Usually between the 1st and 99th percentile (100th percentile is theoretical).

6. Score dependency-

• Percentage: Depends only on the individual’s performance.
• Percentile: Depends on the individual’s performance relative to the group.

7. Usage-

• Percentage: Used in exam results, discounts, interest rates, statistics, etc.
• Percentile: Used in standardized tests (e.g., GRE, JEE, NEET), growth charts, and performance ranking.

8. Interpretation-

• Percentage: Indicates how much you got (e.g., 80% = 80 out of 100).
• Percentile: Indicates how many people scored below you (e.g., 80th percentile = better than 80% of others).

9. Example-

• Percentage: Scoring 70 out of 100 means 70%.
• Percentile: Being in the 90th percentile means you performed better than 90% of the group.

Result type-

• Percentage: Quantitative result (exact score).
• Percentile: Comparative result (position or rank).

Application context-

• Percentage: Academic marksheets, financial reports, statistical summaries.
• Percentile: Entrance exams, employee rankings, medical growth evaluations.

Evaluation type-

• Percentage: Measures actual performance.
• Percentile: Measures performance in comparison to others.

Feature	Percentage	Percentile
Definition	A value out of 100 representing part of a whole.	A measure indicating the value below which a given percentage of observations fall.
Nature	Absolute	Relative
Represents	How much is achieved	How well one performed compared to others
Use Case	Marks, growth rates, financial data	Competitive exams, statistical ranking
Range	0% to 100%	1st to 99th percentile (usually)
Meaning of 90	90% = 90 out of 100	90th percentile = better than 90% of people
Interpretation	Direct and quantifiable	Comparative and positional
Dependency	Independent of others’ scores	Dependent on others’ scores or values

Detailed Examples for Better Understanding

Example 1: Exam Score

• Student A scores 90 out of 100.
• Percentage = (90/100) × 100 = 90%
• If most students scored below 90, Student A might be in the 95th percentile, meaning they performed better than 95% of students.

Here, the percentage tells us what the student scored, while the percentile tells us how they ranked.

Example 2: Competitive Exam (e.g., NEET, JEE, GMAT)

Suppose 2 lakh candidates appear for an exam.

• You scored 650 marks out of 720.
• Based on the distribution of marks, you are placed in the 98th percentile, meaning you performed better than 98% of the candidates.

Here, the percentile is more important than percentage, especially when cutoffs are based on relative performance.

Example 3: Child Growth Chart

• A 5-year-old child in the 60th percentile for height is taller than 60% of children of the same age and gender.
• It doesn’t tell the exact height but shows the child's growth compared to peers.

Application in Various Fields

Academic and Competitive Exams:

• Percentage is used to assess raw scores.
• Percentile is used for ranking and qualifying cut-offs.

For example:

• CBSE board results use percentages.
• Entrance exams like CAT, GRE, and JEE use percentile scores for shortlisting candidates.

Statistics and Research:

• Percentiles are used in descriptive statistics to understand distribution patterns.
• Percentages are used in data summaries and comparisons.

Medical Field:

• Growth percentiles are used to monitor children’s development.
• Percentages may be used for success rates of treatments or diagnostic accuracy.

Business and Finance:

• Percentages are used for interest rates, profit margins, and market share.
• Percentiles may be used in employee performance reviews, showing how an employee ranks among peers.

Common Misconceptions

“Percentile and percentage are interchangeable.”

Not true. A student scoring 95% may not be in the 95th percentile if many others also scored higher.

“A percentile is just a percentage score.”

No. Percentile is a rank, not a score.

“If I’m in the 100th percentile, I scored 100%.”

Not necessarily. Being in the 100th percentile means you are the top scorer, regardless of the actual score.

7. Visual Representation

Imagine a class of 100 students:

• If you score 80/100, that’s 80%.
• If only 10 students scored less than you, you’re in the 10th percentile.
• If 90 students scored less than you, you’re in the 90th percentile.

8. When to Use Percentage vs Percentile

Situation	Use Percentage	Use Percentile
Board Exams	✔️	❌
Competitive Exams	✔️ + Percentile (for ranking)	✔️
Health Reports	❌	✔️
Business Growth	✔️	❌
Statistical Ranking	❌	✔️

9. Pros and Cons

Percentage

Pros:

• Easy to calculate
• Understandable
• Universal in academic systems

Cons:

• Doesn’t show relative performance

Percentile

Pros:

• Excellent for comparison
• Ideal for competitive environments

Cons:

• Confusing to interpret for some
• Can vary based on population distribution

 

10. Tips to Remember the Difference

• Think of percentage as “How much?”
• Think of percentile as “How well compared to others?”

Use this simple memory trick:

• Percentage = Performance
• Percentile = Position

Conclusion

Understanding the difference between percentage and percentile is essential for interpreting performance in academics, exams, research, and professional evaluations. While percentage provides a direct measure of achievement, percentile gives context to that achievement by comparing it to the performance of others.

In a highly competitive world, relative performance often matters more than just raw scores. Hence, percentile rankings are increasingly used in selection processes. However, both concepts are valuable in their own right and must be used wisely depending on the situation.

By grasping the distinctions between these two terms, students, professionals, researchers, and analysts can better interpret data, make informed decisions, and communicate results more accurately.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1: Can I score 99 percentile with 70% marks?

Yes, if most other candidates score less than 70%, your percentile could be 99.

Q2: Is 100 percentile possible?

Technically, no. 99.9 is the highest, representing the top performer. The 100th percentile would mean you scored better than yourself, which isn’t statistically valid.

Q3: Is percentile used in all exams?

No. It is mainly used in competitive and standardized tests where relative ranking matters.

Q4: Which is more important—percentage or percentile?

Depends on context. For jobs and university admissions, percentile is crucial in competitive exams; percentage is used in regular academic evaluation.